Migration routes
The Central Mediterranean route became even more important for migration to Europe.
In 2023, around 157,600 people crossed the sea from North Africa to Italy.
The Eastern Mediterranean route from Turkey to Greece and Bulgaria continued to play an important role.
The figures for Greece are only partly reliable and are missing completely for Bulgaria.
Most people continued their journey north from there via the Balkan route.
There was a significant increase in migration on the Western Mediterranean route from West Africa to southern Spain or the Canary Islands.